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What's Insulation and Jacket of the cable ?

Conductors need to be electrically isolated from other conductors and from the environment to prevent short circuits. Insulation is applied around a conductor to provide this isolation. Most wire and cable insulations consist of polymers (plastics) which have a high resistance to the flow of electric current. A jacket is the outermost layer of a cable whose primary function is to protect the insulation and conductor core from external physical forces and chemical deterioration.